Curative effects of Cassia fistula fruit extract on bromobenzene induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity in mice

Background & objectives: The present investigation was designed to evaluate the post-treatment properties of the hydroalcoholic fruit extract of cassia fistula (golden shower tree) in male Albino mice. Materials & Methods: Biomarkers and histological liver and kidney alterations, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT), bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine were evaluated. Animals were divided into six groups: negative control (received daily normal saline), positive control (received daily bromobenzene (BB) 460 mg/kg) and groups three to six received 200, 400, 600 or 800 mg/kg hydroalcoholic C. fistula extract as oral gavages for 10 days two hours following an administration of BB 460 mg/kg. Results: Administration of 460 mg/kg dose of BB produced a significant increase in the activities of biomarker enzymes [except for direct bilirubin (DBIL)], when compared to negative control (P<0.05). C. fistula fruit extract administration significantly decreased the activities of biomarkers to control values. The high doses (600-800 mg/kg vs. group 2) produced a significant fall in serum δ-GT activities. Conclusions: The effects allow us to suggest that C. fistula fruit extract might represents a new therapeutic option for induced hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity.